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Education in Benin
Although its education system used not to be free,〔("Benin" ) ''Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor (2001)'' Bureau of International Labor Affairs, U.S. Department of Labor (2002, ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.)〕 Benin has now abolished school fees and is carrying out the recommendations of its 2007 Educational Forum.〔("Benin | Unesco" ) ''Benin | United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization ''(UNESCO)'' This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.〕 In 1996, the gross primary enrollment rate was 72.5 percent, and the net primary enrollment rate was 59.3 percent.〔 A far greater percentage of boys are enrolled in school than girls: in 1996, the gross primary enrollment rate for boys was 88.4 percent as opposed to 55.7 percent for girls; the net primary enrollment rates were 71.6 percent for boys and 46.2 percent for girls.〔 Primary school attendance rates were unavailable for Benin as of 2001.〔 While enrollment rates indicate a level of commitment to education, they do not always reflect children's participation in school.〔 Because of a rapid increase in the enrollment rate, the student/teacher ratio rose from 36:1 in 1990 to 53:1 in 1997.〔 The overall adult literacy rate is nearly 40%.〔(Education: Programs ). USAID Benin. ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.〕 Only 25% of women in Benin are literate.〔
==History==
By the late 1980s, under Benin's Marxist government, the quality of education was seriously eroded and, by 1989, the education system was in a state of collapse.〔 A key event in the reform of education in Benin was the national Conference on Education (Etats Généraux de l'Education-EGE) held in 1990 which adopted a national policy and strategy to improve education.〔 Beginning in 1991, the government of Benin introduced significant changes within the Beninese education system.〔
Major advances have been made in education, especially in the areas of access and teaching/learning conditions.〔 The gross enrollment rate has increased from a base of 49.7% in 1990 to 96% in 2004 and girls' enrollment from 36% in 1990 to 84% in 2004.〔 Gender balance and geographic equity have shown significant improvements in gross numbers of girls and children from disadvantaged areas attending primary schools.〔 Nonetheless, major constraints and challenges remain.〔
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